Nickel is a hard, silvery-white transition metal. It is corrosion-resistant, forms alloys (notably stainless steel), and is ferromagnetic at room temperature.
| Atomic Mass (u) | 58.693 |
| Density (g/cm³) | 8.9 |
| Melting Point (K) | 1728 K 1455 °C |
| Boiling Point | 3186 K 2913 °C |
| Phase at STP | Solid |
| Category | Transition Metals |
| Liquid Density (g/cm³) | 7.81 |
| Molar Volume (cm³/mol) | 6.59 |
| Emission Spectrum (nm) | — |
| English Name | Nickel |
| English Pronunciation | ˈnɪkəl |
| Latin Name | Niccolum |
| Latin Pronunciation | — |
| Year | 1751 |
| Discoverer | Axel Fredrik Cronstedt |
| Country | Sweden |
| CAS Number | 7440-02-0 |
| CID Number | 935 |
| RTECS Number | — |
| Electron Shell | K2 L8 M16 N2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ar] 3d^84s^2 |
| Oxidation States | -1 +1 +2 +3 +4 |
| Ion Charge | Ni²⁺, Ni³⁺ |
| Ionization Potential (eV) | 7.64 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.91 |
| Electron Affinity (kJ/mol) | 111.537 |
| Electrons | 28 |
| Protons | 28 |
| Neutrons | 31 |
| Valence | II |
| Block | D |
| Atomic Radius (pm) | 124 |
| Covalent Radius (pm) | 117 |
| van der Waals Radius (pm) | 197 |
| Phase | SOLID |
| Heat of Fusion (kJ/mol) | 17.48 |
| Specific Heat (J/g·K) | 0.444 |
| Thermal Expansion (1/K) | 0 |
| Heat of Vaporization (kJ/mol) | 377.5 |
| Brinell Hardness | 700 |
| Mohs Hardness | 4 |
| Vickers Hardness | 638 |
| Bulk Modulus (GPa) | 180 |
| Young's Modulus (GPa) | 200 |
| Shear Modulus (GPa) | 76 |
| Poisson Ratio | 0.31 |
| Sound Speed (m/s) | 4900 |
| Refractive Index | — |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 90.9 |
| Electrical Conductivity (S/m) | 14300000 |
| Electrical Type | CONDUCTOR |
| Magnetic Type | FERROMAGNETIC |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | — |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | — |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | — |
| Resistivity (Ω·m) | 0 |
| Superconducting Point (K) | — |
| Structure | Face-centered cubic (fcc) |
| System | CUBIC |
| Space Group | Fm-3m |
| a (Å) | 3.523 |
| b (Å) | 3.523 |
| c (Å) | 3.523 |
| α (°) | 90 |
| β (°) | 90 |
| γ (°) | 90 |
| Debye Temperature (K) | 450 |
| Radioactive | No |
| Half-life | — |
| Lifetime | — |
| Neutron Cross-section (barn) | — |
| Health Hazard | — |
| Reactivity Hazard | — |
| Specific Hazard | Skin sensitizer; toxic metal fumes when heated |
| Universe | — |
| Sun | — |
| Oceans | — |
| Human Body | — |
| Earth Crust | 0.009 |
| Meteorites | — |