NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 7 - Mathematics
Unit 4: Simple Equations

Complete NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 7 - Unit 4: Simple Equations with answers and step by step solutions.

Multiple Choice Questions

In Questions 1 to 18, there are four options, out of which only one is correct. Write the correct answer.

Question.  1

The solution of the equation \(ax + b = 0\) is

(a)

\(\dfrac{a}{b}\)

(b)

-b

(c)

\(-\dfrac{b}{a}\)

(d)

\(\dfrac{b}{a}\)

Open

Question.  2

If \(a\) and \(b\) are positive integers, then the solution of the equation \(ax = b\) will always be a

(a)

positive number

(b)

negative number

(c)

1

(d)

0

Open

Question.  3

Which of the following is not allowed in a given equation?

(a)

Adding the same number to both sides of the equation.

(b)

Subtracting the same number from both sides of the equation.

(c)

Multiplying both sides of the equation by the same non-zero number.

(d)

Dividing both sides of the equation by the same number.

Open

Question.  4

The solution of which of the following equations is neither a fraction nor an integer?

(a)

\(2x + 6 = 0\)

(b)

\(3x - 5 = 0\)

(c)

\(5x - 8 = x + 4\)

(d)

\(4x + 7 = x + 2\)

Open

Question.  5

The equation which cannot be solved in integers is

(a)

\(5y - 3 = -18\)

(b)

\(3x - 9 = 0\)

(c)

\(3z + 8 = 3 + z\)

(d)

\(9y + 8 = 4y - 7\)

Open

Question.  6

If \(7x + 4 = 25\), then \(x\) is equal to

(a)

\(\dfrac{29}{7}\)

(b)

\(\dfrac{100}{7}\)

(c)

2

(d)

3

Open

Question.  7

The solution of the equation \(3x + 7 = -20\) is

(a)

\(\dfrac{17}{7}\)

(b)

-9

(c)

9

(d)

\(\dfrac{13}{3}\)

Open

Question.  8

The value of \(y\) for which the expressions \((y - 15)\) and \((2y + 1)\) become equal is

(a)

0

(b)

16

(c)

8

(d)

-16

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Question.  9

If \(k + 7 = 16\), then the value of \(8k - 72\) is

(a)

0

(b)

1

(c)

112

(d)

56

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Question.  10

If \(43m = 0.086\), then the value of \(m\) is

(a)

0.002

(b)

0.02

(c)

0.2

(d)

2

Open

Question.  11

\(x\) exceeds 3 by 7, can be represented as

(a)

x + 3 = 2

(b)

x + 7 = 3

(c)

x - 3 = 7

(d)

x - 7 = 3

Open

Question.  12

The equation having 5 as a solution is:

(a)

4x + 1 = 2

(b)

3 - x = 8

(c)

x - 5 = 3

(d)

3 + x = 8

Open

Question.  13

The equation having -3 as a solution is:

(a)

x + 3 = 1

(b)

8 + 2x = 3

(c)

10 + 3x = 1

(d)

2x + 1 = 3

Open

Question.  14

Which of the following equations can be formed starting with \(x = 0\)?

(a)

2x + 1 = -1

(b)

\(\dfrac{x}{2} + 5 = 7\)

(c)

3x - 1 = -1

(d)

3x - 1 = 1

Open

Question.  15

Which of the following equations cannot be formed using the equation \(x = 7\)?

(a)

2x + 1 = 15

(b)

7x - 1 = 50

(c)

x - 3 = 4

(d)

\(\dfrac{x}{7} - 1 = 0\)

Open

Question.  16

If \(\dfrac{x}{2} = 3\), then the value of \(3x + 2\) is

(a)

20

(b)

11

(c)

\(\dfrac{13}{2}\)

(d)

8

Open

Question.  17

Which of the following numbers satisfy the equation \(-6 + x = -12\)?

(a)

2

(b)

6

(c)

-6

(d)

-2

Open

Question.  18

Shifting one term from one side of an equation to another side with a change of sign is known as

(a)

commutativity

(b)

transposition

(c)

distributivity

(d)

associativity

Open

Fill in the Blanks

In Questions 19 to 48, fill in the blanks to make the statements true.

Question. 19

19. The sum of two numbers is 60 and their difference is 30.

(a) If smaller number is x, the other number is ________ (use sum).

(b) The difference of numbers in term of x is ________.

(c) The equation formed is ________.

(d) The solution of the equation is ________.

(e) The numbers are ________ and ________.

Answer:

(a) 60 − x

(b) 60 − 2x

(c) −2x = −30

(d) 15

(e) 45 and 15

Open

Question. 20

20. Sum of two numbers is 81. One is twice the other.

(a) If smaller number is x, the other number is ________.

(b) The equation formed is ________.

(c) The solution of the equation is ________.

(d) The numbers are ________ and ________.

Answer:

(a) 2x

(b) x + 2x = 81

(c) 27

(d) 54 and 27

Open

Question. 21

21. In a test Abha gets twice the marks as that of Palak. Two times Abha's marks and three times Palak's marks make 280.

(a) If Palak gets x marks, Abha gets ________ marks.

(b) The equation formed is ________.

(c) The solution of the equation is ________.

(d) Marks obtained by Abha are ________.

Answer:

(a) 2x

(b) 4x + 3x = 280

(c) 40

(d) 80

Open

Question. 22

22. The length of a rectangle is two times its breadth. Its perimeter is 60 cm.

(a) If the breadth of rectangle is x cm, the length of the rectangle is ________.

(b) Perimeter in terms of x is ________.

(c) The equation formed is ________.

(d) The solution of the equation is ________.

Answer:

(a) 2x

(b) 6x or 2(2x + x)

(c) 6x = 60

(d) 10

Open

Question. 23

23. In a bag there are 5 and 2 rupee coins. If they are equal in number and their worth is ₹70, then

(a) The worth of x coins of ₹5 each ________.

(b) The worth of x coins of ₹2 each ________.

(c) The equation formed is ________.

(d) There are ________ 5 rupee coins and ________ 2 rupee coins.

Answer:

(a) ₹5x

(b) ₹2x

(c) 5x + 2x = 70

(d) 10, 10

Open

Question. 24

24. In a Mathematics quiz, 30 prizes consisting of 1st and 2nd prizes only are to be given. 1st and 2nd prizes are worth ₹2000 and ₹1000, respectively. If the total prize money is ₹52,000 then show that:

(a) If 1st prizes are x in number the number of 2nd prizes are ________.

(b) The total value of prizes in terms of x are ________.

(c) The equation formed is ________.

(d) The solution of the equation is ________.

(e) The number of 1st prizes are ________ and the number of 2nd prizes are ________.

Answer:

(a) 30 − x

(b) 2000x + 1000(30 − x)

(c) 1000x + 30000 = 52000

(d) 22

(e) 22, 8

Open

Question. 25

If z + 3 = 5, then z = ________.

Answer:

If z + 3 = 5, then z = 2.

Open

Question. 26

________ is the solution of the equation 3x − 2 = 7.

Answer:

x = 3 is the solution.

Open

Question. 27

________ is the solution of 3x + 10 = 7.

Answer:

x = −1 is the solution.

Open

Question. 28

If 2x + 3 = 5, then value of 3x + 2 is ________.

Answer:

5

Open

Question. 29

In integers, 4x − 1 = 8 has ________ solution.

Answer:

No solution.

Open

Question. 30

In natural numbers, 4x + 5 = −7 has ________ solution.

Answer:

No solution.

Open

Question. 31

In natural numbers, x − 5 = −5 has ________ solution.

Answer:

No solution.

Open

Question. 32

In whole numbers, x + 8 = 12 − 4 has ________ solution.

Answer:

One solution.

Open

Question. 33

If 5 is added to three times a number, it becomes the same as 7 is subtracted from four times the same number. This fact can be represented as ________.

Answer:

3x + 5 = 4x − 7

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Question. 34

x + 7 = 10 has the solution ________.

Answer:

x = 3

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Question. 35

x − 0 = ________; when 3x = 12.

Answer:

4

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Question. 36

x − 1 = ________; when 2x = 2.

Answer:

0

Open

Question. 37

x − ________ = 15; when x/2 = 6.

Answer:

−3

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Question. 38

The solution of the equation x + 15 = 19 is ________.

Answer:

4

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Question. 39

Finding the value of a variable in a linear equation that ________ the equation is called a ________ of the equation.

Answer:

Finding the value of a variable in a linear equation that satisfies the equation is called a root of the equation.

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Question. 40

Any term of an equation may be transposed from one side of the equation to the other side of the equation by changing the ________ of the term.

Answer:

sign

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Question. 41

If 9/5 x = 18/5, then x = ________.

Answer:

2

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Question. 42

If 3 − x = −4, then x = ________.

Answer:

7

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Question. 43

If x − 1/2 = −1/2, then x = ________.

Answer:

0

Open

Question. 44

If 1/6 − x = 1/6, then x = ________.

Answer:

0

Open

Question. 45

If 10 less than a number is 65, then the number is ________.

Answer:

75

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Question. 46

If a number is increased by 20, it becomes 45. Then the number is ________.

Answer:

25

Open

Question. 47

If 84 exceeds another number by 12, then the other number is ________.

Answer:

72

Open

Question. 48

If x − 7/8 = 7/8, then x = ________.

Answer:

7/4

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True or False Questions

In Questions 49 to 55, state whether the statements are True or False.

Question. 49

5 is the solution of the equation \(3x + 2 = 17\).

Answer:

true

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Question. 50

\(\dfrac{9}{5}\) is the solution of the equation \(4x − 1 = 8\).

Answer:

false

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Question. 51

\(4x − 5 = 7\) does not have an integer as its solution.

Answer:

false

Open

Question. 52

One third of a number added to itself gives 10, can be represented as \(\dfrac{x}{3} + 10 = x\).

Answer:

false

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Question. 53

\(\dfrac{3}{2}\) is the solution of the equation \(8x − 5 = 7\).

Answer:

true

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Question. 54

If \(4x − 7 = 11\), then \(x = 4\).

Answer:

false

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Question. 55

If 9 is the solution of variable x in the equation \(\dfrac{5x − 7}{2} = y\), then the value of y is 28.

Answer:

false

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Matching

In Question 56, match each of the entries in Column I with the appropriate entries in Column II.

Question. 56

56. Match each of the entries in Column I with the appropriate entries in Column II.

Column I Column II
(i) \(x + 5 = 9\) (A) \(-\dfrac{5}{3}\)
(ii) \(x − 7 = 4\) (B) \(\dfrac{5}{3}\)
(iii) \(\dfrac{x}{12} = −5\) (C) 4
(iv) \(5x = 30\) (D) 6
(v) The value of \(y\) which satisfies \(3y = 5\) (E) 11
(vi) If \(p = 2\), then the value of \(\dfrac{1}{3}(1 − 3p)\) (F) −60
(G) 3

Answer:

(i) ↔ (C)

(ii) ↔ (E)

(iii) ↔ (F)

(iv) ↔ (D)

(v) ↔ (B)

(vi) ↔ (A)

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Write Equations

In Questions 57 to 67, express each of the given statements as an equation.

Question. 57

13 subtracted from twice of a number gives 3.

Answer:

2x − 13 = 3

Open

Question. 58

One-fifth of a number is 5 less than that number.

Answer:

x/5 = x − 5

Open

Question. 59

A number is 7 more than one-third of itself.

Answer:

x = 7 + x/3

Open

Question. 60

Six times a number is 10 more than the number.

Answer:

6x = x + 10

Open

Question. 61

If 10 is subtracted from half of a number, the result is 4.

Answer:

x/2 − 10 = 4

Open

Question. 62

Subtracting 5 from p, the result is 2.

Answer:

p − 5 = 2

Open

Question. 63

Five times a number increased by 7 is 27.

Answer:

5x + 7 = 27

Open

Question. 64

Mohan is 3 years older than Sohan. The sum of their ages is 43 years.

Answer:

x + (x + 3) = 43

Open

Question. 65

If 1 is subtracted from a number and the difference is multiplied by 1/2, the result is 7.

Answer:

(1/2)(x − 1) = 7

Open

Question. 66

A number divided by 2 and then increased by 5 is 9.

Answer:

x/2 + 5 = 9

Open

Question. 67

The sum of twice a number and 4 is 18.

Answer:

2x + 4 = 18

Open

Problems and Solutions

In Questions 68 to 100, solve each problem and provide the reasoning as required.

Question. 68

The age of Sohan Lal is four times that of his son Amit. If the difference of their ages is 27 years, find the age of Amit.

Answer:

9 years

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Question. 69

A number exceeds the other number by 12. If their sum is 72, find the numbers.

Answer:

30 and 42

Open

Question. 70

Seven times a number is 12 less than thirteen times the same number. Find the number.

Answer:

2

Open

Question. 71

The interest received by Karim is ₹30 more than that of Ramesh. If the total interest received by them is ₹70, find the interest received by Ramesh.

Answer:

₹20

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Question. 72

Subramaniam and Naidu donate some money in a Relief Fund. The amount paid by Naidu is ₹125 more than that of Subramaniam. If the total money paid by them is ₹975, find the amount of money donated by Subramaniam.

Answer:

₹425

Open

Question. 73

In a school, the number of girls is 50 more than the number of boys. The total number of students is 1070. Find the number of girls.

Answer:

560

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Question. 74

Two times a number increased by 5 equals 9. Find the number.

Answer:

2

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Question. 75

9 added to twice a number gives 13. Find the number.

Answer:

2

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Question. 76

1 subtracted from one-third of a number gives 1. Find the number.

Answer:

6

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Question. 77

After 25 years, Rama will be 5 times as old as he is now. Find his present age.

Answer:

6 1/4 years

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Question. 78

After 20 years, Manoj will be 5 times as old as he is now. Find his present age.

Answer:

5 years

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Question. 79

My younger sister's age today is 3 times, what it will be 3 years from now minus 3 times what her age was 3 years ago. Find her present age.

Answer:

18 years

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Question. 80

If 45 is added to half a number, the result is triple the number. Find the number.

Answer:

18

Open

Question. 81

In a family, the consumption of wheat is 4 times that of rice. The total consumption of the two cereals is 80 kg. Find the quantities of rice and wheat consumed in the family.

Answer:

16 kg rice and 64 kg wheat

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Question. 82

In a bag, the number of one rupee coins is three times the number of two rupee coins. If the worth of the coins is ₹120, find the number of 1 rupee coins.

Answer:

72

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Question. 83

Anamika thought of a number. She multiplied it by 2, added 5 to the product and obtained 17 as the result. What is the number she had thought of?

Answer:

6

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Question. 84

One of the two numbers is twice the other. The sum of the numbers is 12. Find the numbers.

Answer:

4 and 8

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Question. 85

The sum of three consecutive integers is 5 more than the smallest of the integers. Find the integers.

Answer:

1, 2, 3

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Question. 86

A number when divided by 6 gives the quotient 6. What is the number?

Answer:

36

Open

Question. 87

The perimeter of a rectangle is 40 m. The length of the rectangle is 4 m less than 5 times its breadth. Find the length of the rectangle.

Answer:

16 m

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Question. 88

Each of the 2 equal sides of an isosceles triangle is twice as large as the third side. If the perimeter of the triangle is 30 cm, find the length of each side of the triangle.

Answer:

6 cm, 12 cm, 12 cm

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Question. 89

The sum of two consecutive multiples of 2 is 18. Find the numbers.

Answer:

8 and 10

Open

Question. 90

Two complementary angles differ by 20°. Find the angles.

Answer:

35°, 55°

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Question. 91

150 has been divided into two parts such that twice the first part is equal to the second part. Find the parts.

Answer:

50 and 100

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Question. 92

In a class of 60 students, the number of girls is one third the number of boys. Find the number of girls and boys in the class.

Answer:

15 girls and 45 boys

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Question. 93

Two-third of a number is greater than one-third of the number by 3. Find the number.

Answer:

9

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Question. 94

A number is as much greater than 27 as it is less than 73. Find the number.

Answer:

50

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Question. 95

A man travelled two fifth of his journey by train, one third by bus, one fourth by car and the remaining 3 km on foot. What is the length of his total journey?

Answer:

180 km

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Question. 96

Twice a number added to half of itself equals 24. Find the number.

Answer:

9.6

Open

Question. 97

Thrice a number decreased by 5 exceeds twice the number by 1. Find the number.

Answer:

6

Open

Question. 98

A girl is 28 years younger than her father. The sum of their ages is 50 years. Find the ages of the girl and her father.

Answer:

11 years and 39 years

Open

Question. 99

The length of a rectangle is two times its width. The perimeter of the rectangle is 180 cm. Find the dimensions of the rectangle.

Answer:

width = 30 cm, length = 60 cm

Open

Question. 100

Look at this riddle:
If 7 pencils would cost you ₹6 more than 5 pencils, then find the cost of your 10 pencils.

Answer:

₹30

Open

Question. 101

In a certain examination, a total of 3768 students secured first division in the years 2006 and 2007. The number of first division in 2007 exceeded those in 2006 by 34. How many students got first division in 2006?

Answer:

1867

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Question. 102

Radha got ₹17,480 as her monthly salary and over-time. Her salary exceeds the over-time by ₹10,000. What is her monthly salary?

Answer:

₹13,740

Open

Question. 103

If one side of a square is represented by 18x − 20 and the adjacent side is represented by 42 − 13x, find the length of the side of the square.

Answer:

16

Open

Question. 104

Follow the directions and correct the given incorrect equation, written in Roman numerals:

(a) Remove two of these matchsticks to make a valid equation:
IX − VI = V

(b) Move one matchstick to make the equation valid. Find two different solutions.

Answer:

(a) X − V = V

(b) VI + IV = X or VI + V = XI

Open

Question. 105

What does a duck do when it flies upside down? The answer to this riddle is hidden in the equation given below:

If i + 69 = 70, then i = ?

If 8u = 6u + 8, then u = ?

If 4a = −5a + 45, then a = ?

If 4q + 5 = 17, then q = ?

If −5t − 60 = −70, then t = ?

If (1/4)s + 98 = 100, then s = ?

If (5/3)p + 9 = 24, then p = ?

If 3c = c + 12, then c = ?

If 3(k + 1) = 24, then k = ?

For riddle answer: substitute the number for the letter it equals.

Answer:

i = 1, u = 4, a = 5, q = 3, t = 2, s = 8, p = 9, c = 6, k = 7

Open

Question. 106

The three scales below are perfectly balanced if • = 3. What are the values of Δ and *?

Answer:

Δ = 7, * = 4

Open

Question. 107

The given figure represents a weighing balance. The weights of some objects in the balance are given. Find the weight of each square and the circle.

Answer:

Square = 6 kg, Circle = 10 kg

Open

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 7 – Mathematics – Unit 4: Simple Equations | Detailed Answers