NCERT Solutions
Class 9 - Mathematics - Chapter 2: POLYNOMIALS
EXERCISE 2.4

Question. 1

Use suitable identities to find the following products:

(i) \((x + 4)(x + 10)\)
(ii) \((x + 8)(x - 10)\)
(iii) \((3x + 4)(3x - 5)\)
(iv) \((y^2 + \dfrac{3}{2})(y^2 - \dfrac{3}{2})\)
(v) \((3 - 2x)(3 + 2x)\)

Answer:

(i) \(x^2 + 14x + 40\)

(ii) \(x^2 - 2x - 80\)

(iii) \(9x^2 - 3x - 20\)

(iv) \(y^4 - \dfrac{9}{4}\)

(v) 9 - 4x^2

Question. 2

Evaluate the following products without multiplying directly:

(i) 103 × 107
(ii) 95 × 96
(iii) 104 × 96

Answer:

(i) 11021

(ii) 9120

(iii) 9984

Question. 3

Factorise the following using appropriate identities:

(i) \(9x^2 + 6xy + y^2\)
(ii) \(4y^2 - 4y + 1\)
(iii) \(x^2 - \dfrac{y^2}{100}\)

Answer:

(i) \((3x + y)(3x + y)\)

(ii) \((2y - 1)(2y - 1)\)

(iii) \((x + \dfrac{y}{10})(x - \dfrac{y}{10})\)

Question. 4

Expand each of the following using suitable identities:

(i) \((x + 2y + 4z)^2\)
(ii) \((2x - y + z)^2\)
(iii) \((-2x + 3y + 2z)^2\)
(iv) \((3a - 7b - c)^2\)
(v) \((-2x + 5y - 3z)^2\)
(vi) \([\dfrac{1}{4}a - \dfrac{1}{2}b + 1]^2\)

Answer:

(i) \(x^2 + 4y^2 + 16z^2 + 4xy + 16yz + 8xz\)

(ii) \(4x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - 4xy - 2yz + 4xz\)

(iii) \(4x^2 + 9y^2 + 4z^2 - 12xy + 12yz - 8xz\)

(iv) \(9a^2 + 49b^2 + c^2 - 42ab + 14bc - 6ac\)

(v) \(4x^2 + 25y^2 + 9z^2 - 20xy - 30yz + 12xz\)

(vi) \(\dfrac{a^2}{16} + \dfrac{b^2}{4} + 1 - \dfrac{ab}{4} - b + \dfrac{a}{2}\)

Question. 5

Factorise:

(i) \((2x + 3y - 4z)(2x + 3y - 4z)\)
(ii) \(( -\sqrt{2}x + y + 2\sqrt{2}z)( -\sqrt{2}x + y + 2\sqrt{2}z)\)

Answer:

(i) \(8x^3 + 12x^2y + 6x + 1\)

(ii) \(8a^3 - 27b^3 - 36a^2b + 54ab^2\)

Question. 6

Write the following cubes in expanded form:

(i) \((2x + 1)^3\)
(ii) \((2a - 3b)^3\)
(iii) \([ \dfrac{3}{2}x + 1]^3\)
(iv) \([x - \dfrac{2}{3}y]^3\)

Answer:

(i) \(8x^3 + 27/8 x^3 + 27/4 x^2 + 9/2 x + 1\)

(ii) \(x^3 - \dfrac{8}{27}y^3 - 2x^2y + \dfrac{4xy^2}{3}\)

Question. 7

Evaluate the following using suitable identities:

(i) \((99)^3\)
(ii) \((102)^3\)
(iii) \((998)^3\)

Answer:

(i) 970299

(ii) 1061208

(iii) 994011992

Question. 8

Factorise each of the following:

(i) \(8a^3 + b^3 + 12a^2b + 6ab^2\)
(ii) \(8a^3 - b^3 - 12a^2b + 6ab^2\)
(iii) \(27 - 125a^3 - 135a + 225a^2\)
(iv) \(64a^3 - 27b^3 - 144a^2b + 108ab^2\)
(v) \(27p^3 - \dfrac{1}{216} - \dfrac{9}{2}p^2 + \dfrac{1}{4}p\)

Answer:

(i) (2a + b)(2a + b)(2a + b)

(ii) (2a - b)(2a - b)(2a - b)

(iii) (3 - 5a)(3 - 5a)(3 - 5a)

(iv) (4a - 3b)(4a - 3b)(4a - 3b)

(v) (3p - 1/6)(3p - 1/6)(3p - 1/6)

Question. 9

Verify:

(i) \(x^3 + y^3 = (x + y)(x^2 - xy + y^2)\)
(ii) \(x^3 - y^3 = (x - y)(x^2 + xy + y^2)\)

Answer:

Simplify RHS.

Question. 10

Factorise the following:

(i) \(27y^3 + 125z^3\)
(ii) \(64m^3 - 343n^3\)

Answer:

(i) \((3y + 5z)(9y^2 - 15yz + 25z^2)\)

(ii) \((4m - 7n)(16m^2 + 49n^2 + 28mn)\)

Question. 11

Factorise: \(27x^3 + y^3 + z^3 - 9xyz\)

Answer:

(3x + y + z)(9x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - 3xy - yz - 3xz)

Question. 12

Verify that \(x^3 + y^3 + z^3 - 3xyz = \dfrac{1}{2}(x + y + z)[(x - y)^2 + (y - z)^2 + (z - x)^2]\)

Answer:

Simplify RHS.

Question. 13

If \(x + y + z = 0\), show that \(x^3 + y^3 + z^3 = 3xyz\)

Answer:

Put \(x + y + z = 0\) in the identity in Q12.

Question. 14

Without calculating cubes, find the value of each:

(i) \((-12)^3 + (7)^3 + (5)^3\)
(ii) \((28)^3 + (-15)^3 + (-13)^3\)

Answer:

(i) -1260

(ii) 16380

Question. 15

Give possible expressions for the length and breadth of rectangles whose areas are:

(i) \(25a^2 - 35a + 12\)
(ii) \(35y^2 + 13y - 12\)

Answer:

(i) One possible answer: Length = \(5a - 3\), Breadth = \(5a - 4\)

(ii) One possible answer: Length = \(7y - 3\), Breadth = \(5y + 4\)

Question. 16

Find possible expressions for the dimensions of cuboids whose volumes are:

(i) \(3x^2 - 12x\)
(ii) \(12ky^2 + 8ky - 20k\)

Answer:

(i) One possible answer: \(3x, x, x - 4\)

(ii) One possible answer: \(4k, 3y + 5, y - 1\)

NCERT Solutions Class 9 – Mathematics – Chapter 2: POLYNOMIALS – EXERCISE 2.4 | Detailed Answers