Atoms

Bohr model, atomic spectra and energy levels.

1.What Are Atoms?
A simple introduction to atoms, the tiny building blocks of all matter around us.
2.Historical Ideas of Atoms
Learn how the concept of atoms developed from early Greek thinkers to modern scientific ideas.
3.Dalton’s Atomic Theory
Understand John Dalton’s major postulates explaining matter using atoms.
4.Thomson’s Model of Atom
A beginner-friendly explanation of Thomson’s ‘plum pudding model’ of the atom.
5.Rutherford’s Model of Atom
Study Rutherford’s gold foil experiment and how it revealed the nuclear structure of atoms.
6.Bohr’s Model of Atom
An easy explanation of Bohr’s postulates, energy levels and electron orbits.
7.Bohr’s Postulates
Understand Bohr’s key assumptions about stationary states and energy emission.
8.Energy Levels and Shells
Learn what energy levels are, how electrons occupy shells, and how transitions occur.
9.Electron Transition and Spectra
How electrons jumping between levels produce characteristic atomic spectra.
10.Atomic Spectra
Understand line spectra and how each element has a unique spectral fingerprint.
11.Limitations of Bohr Model
Learn why Bohr’s model could not fully explain atoms with more than one electron.
12.Quantum Mechanical View of Atom
A simple introduction to modern atomic theory based on quantum mechanics.
13.Orbit vs Orbital
Clear explanation of how Bohr’s orbit differs from a quantum-mechanical orbital.
14.Atomic Number and Mass Number
Beginner-friendly explanation of atomic number, mass number and isotopes.
15.Isotopes and Isobars
Understand what isotopes and isobars are with simple examples.