NCERT Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - Chapter 5: ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS - Exercise 5.1
Question 2

Question. 2

Write first four terms of the AP, when the first term \(a\) and the common difference \(d\) are given as follows:

(i) \(a = 10,\ d = 10\)

(ii) \(a = -2,\ d = 0\)

(iii) \(a = 4,\ d = -3\)

(iv) \(a = -1,\ d = \dfrac{1}{2}\)

(v) \(a = -1.25,\ d = 0.25\)

Answer:

(i) \(10, 20, 30, 40\)

(ii) \(-2, -2, -2, -2\)

(iii) \(4, 1, -2, -5\)

(iv) \(-1, -\tfrac{1}{2}, 0, \tfrac{1}{2}\)

(v) \(-1.25, -1.50, -1.75, -2.00\)

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Recall: In an arithmetic progression (AP) with first term \(a\) and common difference \(d\), the terms are:

\[a,\ a + d,\ a + 2d,\ a + 3d,\dots\]

So, the first four terms are: \(T_1 = a\), \(T_2 = a + d\), \(T_3 = a + 2d\), \(T_4 = a + 3d\).

(i) \(a = 10,\ d = 10\)

\(T_1 = 10\)

\(T_2 = 10 + 10 = 20\)

\(T_3 = 10 + 2 \times 10 = 30\)

\(T_4 = 10 + 3 \times 10 = 40\)

First four terms: \(10, 20, 30, 40\).

(ii) \(a = -2,\ d = 0\)

Here the common difference is 0, so every term is the same.

\(T_1 = -2\)

\(T_2 = -2 + 0 = -2\)

\(T_3 = -2 + 2 \times 0 = -2\)

\(T_4 = -2 + 3 \times 0 = -2\)

First four terms: \(-2, -2, -2, -2\).

(iii) \(a = 4,\ d = -3\)

\(T_1 = 4\)

\(T_2 = 4 + (-3) = 1\)

\(T_3 = 4 + 2(-3) = 4 - 6 = -2\)

\(T_4 = 4 + 3(-3) = 4 - 9 = -5\)

First four terms: \(4, 1, -2, -5\).

(iv) \(a = -1,\ d = \dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(T_1 = -1\)

\(T_2 = -1 + \dfrac{1}{2} = -\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(T_3 = -1 + 2 \times \dfrac{1}{2} = -1 + 1 = 0\)

\(T_4 = -1 + 3 \times \dfrac{1}{2} = -1 + \dfrac{3}{2} = \dfrac{1}{2}\)

First four terms: \(-1, -\tfrac{1}{2}, 0, \tfrac{1}{2}\).

(v) \(a = -1.25,\ d = 0.25\)

Starting from \(-1.25\), each successive term changes by \(0.25\) in the same direction, giving:

\(T_1 = -1.25\)

\(T_2 = -1.50\)

\(T_3 = -1.75\)

\(T_4 = -2.00\)

First four terms: \(-1.25, -1.50, -1.75, -2.00\).

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