NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 7 - Mathematics - Unit 6: TrianglesProblems and Solutions
Class 7 - Mathematics - Unit 6: Triangles
Question. 107
The measure of three angles of a triangle are in the ratio 5 : 3 : 1. Find the measures of these angles.
Answer:
The measures of the angles are 100°, 60°, 20°.
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Question. 109
In Fig. 6.31(i) and (ii), find the values of a, b and c.

Answer:
(i) a = 20°, b = 130°, c = 50°
(ii) a = 65°, b = 115°, c = 25°
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Question. 110
In triangle XYZ, the measure of angle X is 30° greater than the measure of angle Y and angle Z is a right angle. Find the measure of ∠Y.
Answer:
∠Y = 30°
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Question. 111
In a triangle ABC, the measure of angle A is 40° less than the measure of angle B and 50° less than that of angle C. Find the measure of ∠A.
Answer:
∠A = 30°
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Question. 112
I have three sides. One of my angle measures 15°. Another has a measure of 60°. What kind of a polygon am I? If I am a triangle, then what kind of triangle am I?
Answer:
I am a Triangle, specifically an Obtuse-angled triangle.
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Question. 113
Jiya walks 6 km due east and then 8 km due north. How far is she from her starting place?
Answer:
10 km
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Question. 114
Jayanti takes shortest route to her home by walking diagonally across a rectangular park. The park measures 60 metres × 80 metres. How much shorter is the route across the park than the route around its edges?
Answer:
40 m
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Question. 115
In ΔPQR of Fig. 6.32, PQ = PR. Find the measures of ∠Q and ∠R.

Answer:
∠Q = 75°, ∠R = 75°
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Question. 116
In Fig. 6.33, find the measures of ∠x and ∠y.

Answer:
∠x = 75°, ∠y = 135°
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Question. 117
In Fig. 6.34, find the measures of ∠PON and ∠NPO.

Answer:
∠PON = 90°, ∠NPO = 20°
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Question. 118
In Fig. 6.35, QP ∥ RT. Find the values of x and y.

Answer:
x = 70°, y = 80°
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Question. 120
In a right-angled triangle if an angle measures 35°, then find the measure of the third angle.
Answer:
55°
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Question. 121
Each of the two equal angles of an isosceles triangle is four times the third angle. Find the angles of the triangle.
Answer:
20°, 80°, 80°
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Question. 122
The angles of a triangle are in the ratio 2 : 3 : 5. Find the angles.
Answer:
36°, 54°, 90°
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Question. 123
If the sides of a triangle are produced in an order, show that the sum of the exterior angles so formed is 360°.
Answer:
360°
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Question. 124
In ΔABC, if ∠A = ∠C, and exterior angle ABX = 140°, then find the angles of the triangle.

Answer:
∠B = 40°, ∠A = 70°, ∠C = 70°
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Question. 125
Find the values of x and y in Fig. 6.37.

Answer:
x = 80°, y = 75°
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Question. 127
The angles of a triangle are arranged in descending order of their magnitudes. If the difference between two consecutive angles is 10°, find the three angles.
Answer:
70°, 60°, 50°
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Question. 128
In ΔABC, DE ∥ BC (Fig. 6.39). Find the values of x, y and z.

Answer:
x = 30°, y = 40°, z = 110°
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Question. 129
In Fig. 6.40, find the values of x, y and z.

Answer:
x = 60°, y = 120°, z = 30°
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Question. 130
If one angle of a triangle is 60° and the other two angles are in the ratio 1 : 2, find the angles.
Answer:
40° and 80°
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Question. 131
In ΔPQR, if 3∠P = 4∠Q = 6∠R, calculate the angles of the triangle.
Answer:
∠P = 80°, ∠Q = 60°, ∠R = 40°
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Question. 132
In ΔDEF, ∠D = 60°, ∠E = 70° and the bisectors of ∠E and ∠F meet at O. Find (i) ∠F (ii) ∠EOF.
Answer:
(i) ∠F = 50°, (ii) ∠EOF = 120°
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Question. 133
In Fig. 6.41, ΔPQR is right-angled at P. U and T are the points on line QRF. If QP ∥ ST and US ∥ RP, find ∠S.

Answer:
∠S = 90°
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Question. 134
In each of the given pairs of triangles of Fig. 6.42, applying only ASA congruence criterion, determine which triangles are congruent. Also, write the congruent triangles in symbolic form.

Answer:
(a) Not possible
(b) ΔABD ≅ ΔCDB
(c) ΔXYZ ≅ ΔLMN
(d) Not possible
(e) ΔMNO ≅ ΔPON
(f) ΔAOD ≅ ΔBOC
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Question. 135
In each of the given pairs of triangles of Fig. 6.43, using only RHS congruence criterion, determine which pairs of triangles are congruent. In case of congruence, write the result in symbolic form:

Answer:
(a) ΔABD ≅ ΔACD
(b) ΔXYZ ≅ ΔUZY
(c) ΔACE ≅ ΔBDE
(d) ΔABC ≅ ΔCDE
(e) Not possible
(f) ΔLOM ≅ ΔCDE
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Question. 136
In Fig. 6.44, if RP = RQ, find the value of x.

Answer:
x = 50°
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Question. 137
In Fig. 6.45, if ST = SU, then find the values of x and y.

Answer:
x = 129°, y = 51°
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Question. 138
Check whether the following measures (in cm) can be the sides of a right-angled triangle or not: 1.5, 3.6, 3.9
Answer:
Yes
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Question. 139
Height of a pole is 8 m. Find the length of rope tied with its top from a point on the ground at a distance of 6 m from its bottom.
Answer:
10 m (1000 cm)
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Question. 140
In Fig. 6.46, if y is five times x, find the value of z.

Answer:
z = 160°
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Question. 141
The lengths of two sides of an isosceles triangle are 9 cm and 20 cm. What is the perimeter of the triangle? Give reason.
Answer:
49 cm
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Question. 142
Without drawing the triangles write all six pairs of equal measures in each of the following pairs of congruent triangles.
Answer:
(a) ∠S = ∠D, ∠T = ∠E, ∠U = ∠F, ST = DE, TU = EF, SU = DF
(b) ∠A = ∠L, ∠B = ∠M, ∠C = ∠N, AB = LM, BC = MN, AC = LN
(c) ∠Y = ∠P, ∠Z = ∠Q, ∠X = ∠R, YZ = PQ, ZX = QR, XY = PR
(d) ∠X = ∠M, ∠Y = ∠L, ∠Z = ∠N, XY = ML, YZ = LN, XZ = MN
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Question. 143
In the following pairs of triangles of Fig. 6.47, the lengths of the sides are indicated along the sides. By applying SSS congruence criterion, determine which triangles are congruent. If congruent, write the results in symbolic form.

Answer:
(a) ΔABC ≅ ΔNLM
(b) ΔLMN ≅ ΔGHI
(c) ΔLMN ≅ ΔLON
(d) ΔZYX ≅ ΔWXY
(e) ΔAOB ≅ ΔDOE
(f) ΔSTU ≅ ΔSVU
(g) ΔPSR ≅ ΔRQP
(h) ΔSTU ≅ ΔPQR
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Question. 144
ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC and D is the mid-point of base BC (Fig. 6.48).
(a) State three pairs of equal parts in the triangles ABD and ACD.
(b) Is ΔABD ≅ ΔACD? If so why?

Answer:
(a) AB = AC, BD = CD, AD = AD
(b) Yes, by SSS criterion
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Question. 145
In Fig. 6.49, it is given that LM = ON and NL = MO. (a) State the three pairs of equal parts in the triangles NOM and MLN. (b) Is ΔNOM ≅ ΔMLN? Give reason.

Answer:
(a) LM = ON, LN = OM, MN = NM
(b) Yes, by SSS
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Question. 146
Triangles DEF and LMN are both isosceles with DE = DF and LM = LN, respectively. If DE = LM and EF = MN, then, are the two triangles congruent? Which condition do you use? If ∠E = 40°, what is the measure of ∠N?
Answer:
Yes, congruent by SSS. ∠N = 40°
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Question. 147
If ΔPQR and ΔSQR are both isosceles triangles on a common base QR such that P and S lie on the same side of QR, are triangles PSQ and PSR congruent? Which condition do you use?
Answer:
Yes, congruent by SSS
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Question. 148
In Fig. 6.50, which pairs of triangles are congruent by SAS congruence criterion? If congruent, write the congruence of the two triangles in symbolic form.

Answer:
(i) ΔPQR ≅ ΔTUS
(ii) Not congruent
(iii) ΔBCD ≅ ΔBAE
(iv) ΔSTU ≅ ΔXZY
(v) ΔDOF ≅ ΔHOC
(vi) Not congruent
(vii) ΔPSQ ≅ ΔRQS
(viii) ΔLMN ≅ ΔOMN
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Question. 149
State which of the following pairs of triangles are congruent. If yes, write them in symbolic form.
Answer:
(i) ΔPQR ≅ ΔSTU
(ii) Not congruent
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Question. 150
In Fig. 6.51, PQ = PS and ∠1 = ∠2.
(i) Is ΔPQR ≅ ΔPSR? Give reasons.
(ii) Is QR = SR? Give reasons.

Answer:
(i) Yes, by SAS
(ii) Yes, by CPCT
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Question. 151
In Fig. 6.52, DE = IH, EG = FI and ∠E = ∠I. Is ΔDEF ≅ ΔHIG? If yes, by which congruence criterion?

Answer:
Yes, by SAS
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Question. 152
In Fig. 6.53, ∠1 = ∠2 and ∠3 = ∠4. (i) Is ΔADC ≅ ΔABC? Why? (ii) Show that AD = AB and CD = CB.

Answer:
(i) Yes, by ASA
(ii) Yes, by CPCT: AD = AB and CD = CB
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Question. 153
Observe Fig. 6.54 and state the three pairs of equal parts in triangles ABC and DBC.
(i) Is ΔABC ≅ ΔDCB? Why?
(ii) Is AB = DC? Why?
(iii) Is AC = DB? Why?

Answer:
(i) Yes, by ASA
(ii) Yes, by CPCT
(iii) Yes, by CPCT
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Question. 154
In Fig. 6.55, QS ⟂ PR, RT ⟂ PQ and QS = RT.
(i) Is ΔQSR ≅ ΔRTQ? Give reasons.
(ii) Is ∠PQR = ∠PRQ? Give reasons.

Answer:
(i) Yes, by RHS
(ii) Yes, by CPCT
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Question. 155
Points A and B are on the opposite edges of a pond as shown in Fig. 6.56. To find the distance between the two points, the surveyor makes a right-angled triangle as shown. Find the distance AB.

Answer:
38 m
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Question. 156
Two poles of 10 m and 15 m stand upright on a plane ground. If the distance between the tops is 13 m, find the distance between their feet.
Answer:
12 m
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Question. 157
The foot of a ladder is 6 m away from its wall and its top reaches a window 8 m above the ground. (a) Find the length of the ladder. (b) If the ladder is shifted such that its foot is 8 m away, to what height does its top reach?
Answer:
(a) 10 m (b) 6 m
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Question. 158
In Fig. 6.57, state the three pairs of equal parts in ΔABC and ΔEOD. Is ΔABC ≅ ΔEOD? Why?

Answer:
Yes, by RHS. Equal parts: AB = EO, ∠ABC = ∠EOD = 90°, AC = DE


