NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 7 - Mathematics - Unit 8: Rational Numbers
Problems and Solutions

In Questions 66 to 85, solve each problem and provide the reasoning as required.

Question. 66

66. Match the following:

Column IColumn II
(i) \(\dfrac{a}{b} \div \dfrac{a}{b}\)(a) \(-\dfrac{a}{b}\)
(ii) \(\dfrac{a}{b} \div \dfrac{c}{d}\)(b) \(-1\)
(iii) \(\dfrac{a}{b} \div (-1)\)(c) 1
(iv) \(\dfrac{a}{b} \div \dfrac{-a}{b}\)(d) \(\dfrac{bc}{ad}\)
(v) \(\dfrac{b}{a} \div (\dfrac{d}{c})\)(e) \(\dfrac{ad}{bc}\)

Answer:

(i) ↔ (c)

(ii) ↔ (e)

(iii) ↔ (a)

(iv) ↔ (b)

(v) ↔ (d)

Open

Question. 67

Write each of the following rational numbers with positive denominators: \(\dfrac{5}{-8}, \dfrac{15}{-28}, \dfrac{-17}{-13}\).

Answer:

\(\dfrac{5}{-8} = -\dfrac{5}{8}\)

\(\dfrac{15}{-28} = -\dfrac{15}{28}\)

\(\dfrac{-17}{-13} = \dfrac{17}{13}\)

Open

Question. 68

Express \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) as a rational number with denominator:

(i) 36

(ii) -80

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{27}{36}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{-60}{-80}\)

Open

Question. 69

Reduce each of the following rational numbers in its lowest form:

(i) \(\dfrac{-60}{72}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{91}{-364}\)

Answer:

(i) \(-\dfrac{5}{6}\)

(ii) \(-\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Open

Question. 70

Express each of the following rational numbers in its standard form:

(i) \(\dfrac{-12}{-30}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{14}{-49}\)

(iii) \(\dfrac{-15}{35}\)

(iv) \(\dfrac{299}{-161}\)

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{2}{5}\)

(ii) \(-\dfrac{2}{7}\)

(iii) \(-\dfrac{3}{7}\)

(iv) \(-\dfrac{13}{7}\)

Open

Question. 71

Are the rational numbers \(\dfrac{-8}{28}\) and \(\dfrac{32}{-112}\) equivalent? Give reason.

Answer:

Yes, both simplify to \(-\dfrac{2}{7}\).

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Question. 72

Arrange the rational numbers \(-\dfrac{7}{10}, \dfrac{5}{-8}, \dfrac{2}{-3}, -\dfrac{1}{4}, -\dfrac{3}{5}\) in ascending order.

Answer:

-\dfrac{7}{10}, -\dfrac{2}{3}, -\dfrac{5}{8}, -\dfrac{3}{5}, -\dfrac{1}{4}

Open

Question. 73

Represent the following rational numbers on a number line: \(\dfrac{3}{8}, -\dfrac{7}{3}, \dfrac{22}{-6}\).

Answer:

Points marked at \(\dfrac{3}{8}\), -\dfrac{7}{3}, -\dfrac{11}{3}\) on number line.

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Question. 74

If \(-\dfrac{5}{7} = \dfrac{x}{28}\), find the value of x.

Answer:

\(x = -20\)

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Question. 75

Give three rational numbers equivalent to:

(i) \(-\dfrac{3}{4}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{7}{11}\)

Answer:

(i) -\dfrac{6}{8}, -\dfrac{9}{12}, -\dfrac{12}{16}

(ii) \dfrac{14}{22}, \dfrac{21}{33}, \dfrac{28}{44}

Open

Question. 76

Write the next three rational numbers to complete the pattern:

(i) \(\dfrac{4}{-5}, \dfrac{8}{-10}, \dfrac{12}{-15}, \dfrac{16}{-20}, \_\_, \_\_, \_\_\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{-8}{7}, \dfrac{-16}{14}, \dfrac{-24}{21}, \dfrac{-32}{28}, \_\_, \_\_, \_\_\)

Answer:

(i) -\dfrac{20}{25}, -\dfrac{24}{30}, -\dfrac{28}{35}

(ii) -\dfrac{40}{35}, -\dfrac{48}{42}, -\dfrac{56}{49}

Open

Question. 77

List four rational numbers between \(\dfrac{5}{7}\) and \(\dfrac{7}{8}\).

Answer:

\(\dfrac{42}{56}, \dfrac{44}{56}, \dfrac{46}{56}, \dfrac{48}{56}\)

Open

Question. 78

Find the sum of:

(i) \(\dfrac{8}{13} + \dfrac{3}{11}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{7}{3} + \dfrac{-4}{3}\)

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{127}{143}\)

(ii) 1

Open

Question. 79

Solve:

(i) \(\dfrac{29}{4} - \dfrac{30}{7}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{5}{13} - \dfrac{-8}{26}\)

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{83}{28}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{9}{13}\)

Open

Question. 80

Find the product of:

(i) \(\dfrac{-4}{5} \times \dfrac{-5}{12}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{-22}{11} \times \dfrac{-21}{11}\)

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{42}{11}\)

Open

Question. 81

Simplify:

(i) \(\dfrac{13}{11} \times \dfrac{-14}{5} + \dfrac{13}{11} \times \dfrac{-7}{5} + \dfrac{-13}{11} \times \dfrac{34}{5}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{6}{5} \times \dfrac{3}{7} - \dfrac{1}{5} \times \dfrac{3}{7}\)

Answer:

(i) -13

(ii) \(\dfrac{3}{7}\)

Open

Question. 82

Simplify:

(i) \(\dfrac{3}{7} \div (\dfrac{21}{-55})\)

(ii) \(1 \div ( -\dfrac{1}{2} )\)

Answer:

(i) \(-\dfrac{55}{49}\)

(ii) -2

Open

Question. 83

Which is greater in the following?

(i) \(\dfrac{3}{4}, \dfrac{7}{8}\)

(ii) -\(\dfrac{3}{5}, \dfrac{1}{9}\)

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{7}{8}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{1}{9}\)

Open

Question. 84

Write a rational number in which the numerator is less than \(-7×11\) and the denominator is greater than \(12+4\).

Answer:

Examples: -\dfrac{78}{17}, -\dfrac{79}{18}

Open

Question. 85

If \(x=\dfrac{1}{10}\) and \(y=\dfrac{-3}{8}\), then evaluate \(x+y, x-y, x×y, x÷y\).

Answer:

(i) \(x+y = -\dfrac{11}{40}\)

(ii) \(x-y = \dfrac{19}{40}\)

(iii) \(x×y = -\dfrac{3}{80}\)

(iv) \(x÷y = -\dfrac{4}{15}\)

Open

Question. 86

Find the reciprocal of the following:

(i) \((\dfrac{1}{2} \times \dfrac{1}{4}) + (\dfrac{1}{2} \times 6)\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{20}{51} \times \dfrac{4}{91}\)

(iii) \(\dfrac{3}{13} \div \dfrac{-4}{65}\)

(iv) \((-5 \times \dfrac{12}{15}) - (-3 \times \dfrac{2}{9})\)

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{8}{25}\)

(ii) \(\dfrac{4641}{80}\)

(iii) \(-\dfrac{4}{15}\)

(iv) \(-\dfrac{3}{10}\)

Open

Question. 87

Complete the following table by finding the sums:

Answer:

+-1/94/11-5/6
2/35/934/33-1/6
-5/4-49/36-39/44-25/12
-1/3-4/91/33-7/6

Open

Question. 88

Write each of the following numbers in the form \(\dfrac{p}{q}\):

(a) six-eighths

(b) three and half

(c) opposite of 1

(d) one-fourth

(e) zero

(f) opposite of three-fifths

Answer:

(a) \(\dfrac{6}{8}\)

(b) \(\dfrac{7}{2}\)

(c) \(-1\)

(d) \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)

(e) \(0\)

(f) \(-\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Open

Question. 89

If \(p = m \times t\) and \(q = n \times t\), then \(\dfrac{p}{q} = \_\_\).

Answer:

\(\dfrac{p}{q} = \dfrac{m}{n}\)

Open

Question. 90

Given \(\dfrac{p}{q}\) and \(\dfrac{r}{s}\) are rationals in standard form:

(a) \(\dfrac{p}{q} < \dfrac{r}{s}\), if \(p \times s < r \times q\)

(b) \(\dfrac{p}{q} = \dfrac{r}{s}\), if \(p \times s = r \times q\)

(c) \(\dfrac{p}{q} > \dfrac{r}{s}\), if \(p \times s > r \times q\)

Answer:

(a) \(\dfrac{p}{q} < \dfrac{r}{s}\)

(b) \(p \times s = r \times q\)

(c) \(\dfrac{p}{q} > \dfrac{r}{s}\)

Open

Question. 91

In each of the following cases, write the rational number whose numerator and denominator are respectively as under:

(a) 5–39 and 54–6

(b) (-4)×6 and 8÷2

(c) 35÷(-7) and 35–18

(d) 25+15 and 81÷40

Answer:

(a) -34/48

(b) -24/4

(c) -5/17

(d) 1600/81

Open

Question. 92

Write the following as rational numbers in their standard forms:

(a) 35%

(b) 1.2

(c) -6 3/7

(d) 240 ÷ (-840)

(e) 115 ÷ 207

Answer:

(a) 7/20

(b) 6/5

(c) -45/7

(d) -2/7

(e) 5/9

Open

Question. 93

Find a rational number exactly halfway between:

(a) -1/3 and 1/3

(b) 1/6 and 1/9

(c) 5/-13 and -7/9

(d) 1/15 and 1/12

Answer:

(a) 0

(b) 5/36

(c) -136/234

(d) 3/40

Open

Question. 94

Taking x=-4/9, y=5/12, z=7/18, find:

(a) rational number added to x gives y

(b) rational number subtracted from y gives z

(c) rational number added to z gives x

(d) rational number multiplied by y gives x

(e) reciprocal of x+y

(f) sum of reciprocals of x and y

(g) (x÷y)×z

(h) (x–y)+z

(i) x+(y+z)

(j) x ÷ (y ÷ z)

(k) x–(y+z)

Answer:

(a) 31/36

(b) 1/36

(c) -5/6

(d) -48/45

(e) -36

(f) 3/20

(g) -56/135

(h) -17/36

(i) 13/36

(j) -56/135

(k) -5/4

Open

Question. 95

What should be added to -1/2 to obtain the nearest natural number?

Answer:

3/2

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Question. 96

What should be subtracted from -2/3 to obtain the nearest integer?

Answer:

1/3

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Question. 97

What should be multiplied with -5/8 to obtain the nearest integer?

Answer:

8/5

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Question. 98

What should be divided by 1/2 to obtain the greatest negative integer?

Answer:

-1/2

Open

Question. 99

A rope 68m long is cut into pieces of length 4 1/4 m. Find number of such pieces.

Answer:

16

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Question. 100

If 12 shirts of equal size are prepared from 27m cloth, what is length required for each shirt?

Answer:

2.25 m

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Question. 101

Insert 3 equivalent rational numbers between:

(i) -1/2 and 1/5

(ii) 0 and -10

Answer:

(i) -3/20, -6/40, -9/60

(ii) -5, -10/2, -15/3

Open

Question. 102

Put (√) wherever applicable:

NumberNaturalWholeIntegerFractionRational
-114
19/27
623/1
-19 3/4
73/71
0

Answer:

As shown in the table above.

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Question. 103

a and b are different numbers from 1–50. What is largest value of (a–b)/(a+b) and (a+b)/(a–b)?

Answer:

49/51 and 99

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Question. 104

150 students study English, Maths or both. 62% study English, 68% study Maths. How many study both?

Answer:

45

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Question. 105

A body floats 2/9 above surface. What is ratio of submerged volume to exposed volume?

Answer:

7:2 or 7/2

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Question. 106

Find the odd one out:

(a) 4/3×3/4

(b) -3/2×-2/3

(c) 2×1/2

(d) -1/3×3/1

Answer:

(d)

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Question. 107

Find the odd one out:

(a) 4/-9

(b) -16/36

(c) -20/-45

(d) 28/-63

Answer:

(c)

Open

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 7 – Mathematics – Unit 8: Rational Numbers – Problems and Solutions | Detailed Answers