NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 13: Statistics and Probability
Exercise 13.3

Compute the mean / construct (cumulative) frequency tables / and answer probability questions:

Question. 1

1. Find the mean of the distribution :

Class1–33–55–77–10
Frequency9222717

Answer:

5.5

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Question. 2

2. Calculate the mean of the scores of 20 students in a mathematics test :

Marks10–2020–3030–4040–5050–60
Number of students24761

Answer:

35

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Question. 3

3. Calculate the mean of the following data :

Class4–78–1112–1516–19
Frequency54910

Answer:

\(\displaystyle 12.93\) (approx.)

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Question. 4

4. Pages written by Sarika in 30 days:

Pages/day16–1819–2122–2425–2728–30
Number of days134913

Find the mean number of pages per day.

Answer:

26 pages/day

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Question. 5

5. Daily income (Rs) of 50 employees:

Income (Rs)1–200201–400401–600601–800
No. of employees1415147

Find the mean daily income.

Answer:

Rs 356.5

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Question. 6

6. An aircraft has 120 seats. Over 100 flights, the seats occupied were:

Seats100–104104–108108–112112–116116–120
Frequency1520321815

Determine the mean number of seats occupied.

Answer:

109.92 seats

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Question. 7

7. Weights (kg) of 50 wrestlers:

Weight (kg)100–110110–120120–130130–140140–150
No. of wrestlers4142183

Find the mean weight.

Answer:

123.4 kg

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Question. 8

8. Mileage (km/l) of 50 cars:

Mileage10–1212–1414–1616–18
No. of cars7121813

Find the mean mileage. The manufacturer claimed the model gave 16 km/litre. Do you agree?

Answer:

14.48 km/l (Claim of 16 km/l is not supported.)

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Question. 9

9. Distribution of weights (kg) of 40 persons:

Weight (kg)40–4545–5050–5555–6060–6565–7070–7575–80
No. of persons441356521

Construct the less-than type cumulative frequency table.

Answer:

Less than4550556065707580
Cumulative frequency48212632373940

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Question. 10

10. Cumulative frequency (less-than) of marks of 800 students:

MarksBelow 10Below 20Below 30Below 40Below 50Below 60Below 70Below 80Below 90Below 100
No. of students1050130270440570670740780800

Construct the (ordinary) frequency distribution table.

Answer:

Class0–1010–2020–3030–4040–5050–6060–7070–8080–9090–100
Frequency104080140170130100704020

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Question. 11

11. From the following “more than or equal to” data, form the frequency distribution:

Marks (out of 90)≥80≥70≥60≥50≥40≥30≥20≥10≥0
No. of candidates4611172327303234

Answer:

Class0–1010–2020–3030–4040–5050–6060–7070–8080–90
Frequency223466524

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Question. 12

12. Fill the unknown entries \(a,b,c,d,e,f\) in the following cumulative table:

Height (cm)FrequencyCumulative frequency
150–15512a
155–160b25
160–16510c
165–170d43
170–175e48
175–1802f
Total50

Answer:

a=12, b=13, c=35, d=8, e=5, f=50

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Question. 13

13. Ages (years) of 300 patients on a day:

Age10–2020–3030–4040–5050–6060–70
No. of patients604255705320

Form (i) Less-than type and (ii) More-than type cumulative frequency distributions.

Answer:

(i) Less-than type

Less than203040506070
CF60102157227280300

(ii) More-than type

More than or equal to10203040506070
CF30024019814373200

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Question. 14

14. Given cumulative (less-than) marks of 50 students:

MarksBelow 20Below 40Below 60Below 80Below 100
No. of students1722293750

Form the ordinary frequency distribution.

Answer:

Class0–2020–4040–6060–8080–100
Frequency1757813

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Question. 15

15. Weekly income of 600 families:

Income (Rs)0–10001000–20002000–30003000–40004000–50005000–6000
No. of families25019010040155

Compute the median income.

Answer:

≈ Rs 1263.16

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Question. 16

16. Maximum bowling speeds (km/h) of 33 players:

Speed85–100100–115115–130130–145
No. of players11985

Calculate the median speed.

Answer:

≈ 109.17 km/h

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Question. 17

17. Monthly income of 100 families:

Income (Rs)0–50005000–1000010000–1500015000–2000020000–2500025000–3000030000–3500035000–40000
No. of families82641163321

Calculate the modal income.

Answer:

≈ Rs 11,875

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Question. 18

18. Weights of 70 coffee packets:

Weight (g)200–201201–202202–203203–204204–205205–206
No. of packets122620921

Determine the modal weight.

Answer:

≈ 201.7 g

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Question. 19

Two dice are thrown. Find the probability of getting (i) the same number on both, (ii) different numbers.

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{1}{6}\); (ii) \(\dfrac{5}{6}\)

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Question. 20

Two dice are thrown. Probability that the sum is (i) 7 (ii) a prime number (iii) 1?

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{1}{6}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{5}{12}\), (iii) \(0\)

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Question. 21

Two dice are thrown. Probability that the product is (i) 6 (ii) 12 (iii) 7?

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{1}{9}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{1}{9}\), (iii) \(0\)

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Question. 22

Two dice are thrown and the product of the numbers is noted. Probability that the product is less than 9?

Answer:

\(\dfrac{4}{9}\)

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Question. 23

Die I has faces 1–6. Die II has faces 1,1,2,2,3,3. They are thrown; find probabilities of sums 2 to 9 (separately).

Answer:

Sum23456789
Probability\(\dfrac{1}{18}\)\(\dfrac{1}{9}\)\(\dfrac{1}{6}\)\(\dfrac{1}{6}\)\(\dfrac{1}{6}\)\(\dfrac{1}{6}\)\(\dfrac{1}{9}\)\(\dfrac{1}{18}\)

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Question. 24

A coin is tossed two times. Probability of getting at most one head?

Answer:

\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)

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Question. 25

A coin is tossed 3 times. List outcomes and find probability of (i) all heads (ii) at least two heads.

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{1}{8}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

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Question. 26

Two dice are thrown. Probability that the absolute difference of the numbers is 2?

Answer:

\(\dfrac{2}{9}\)

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Question. 27

A bag has 10 red, 5 blue, 7 green balls. Probability that a ball drawn is (i) red (ii) green (iii) not blue?

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{5}{11}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{7}{22}\), (iii) \(\dfrac{17}{22}\)

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Question. 28

From a deck, remove K, Q, J of clubs; draw one card from remaining. Probability that card is (i) a heart (ii) a king?

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{13}{49}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{3}{49}\)

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Question. 29

(Ref. Q28) Probability that the card is (i) a club (ii) 10 of hearts?

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{10}{49}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{1}{49}\)

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Question. 30

Remove all J, Q, K from a 52-card deck. With Ace valued 1, find probability that a drawn card has value (i) 7 (ii) >7 (iii) <7.

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{1}{10}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{3}{10}\), (iii) \(\dfrac{3}{5}\)

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Question. 31

An integer is chosen between 0 and 100 (inclusive). Probability it is (i) divisible by 7 (ii) not divisible by 7?

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{15}{101}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{86}{101}\)

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Question. 32

Cards numbered 2 to 101 are in a box (100 cards). Probability that the card has (i) an even number (ii) a square number?

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{9}{100}\)

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Question. 33

A letter of the English alphabet is chosen at random. Probability it is a consonant?

Answer:

\(\dfrac{21}{26}\)

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Question. 34

1000 sealed envelopes: 10 contain Rs 100, 100 contain Rs 50, 200 contain Rs 10, rest contain no cash. If one is picked at random, probability it contains no cash prize?

Answer:

\(\dfrac{69}{100}\)

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Question. 35

Box A: 25 slips (19 marked Re 1, 6 marked Rs 5). Box B: 50 slips (45 marked Re 1, 5 marked Rs 13). Slips are mixed and one slip is drawn. Probability it is marked other than Re 1?

Answer:

\(\dfrac{11}{75}\)

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Question. 36

A carton of 24 bulbs has 6 defective. One bulb is drawn.

(i) Probability it is not defective. (ii) If the first drawn bulb is defective and not replaced, find the probability that a second bulb drawn is defective.

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{3}{4}\); (ii) \(\dfrac{5}{23}\)

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Question. 37

A child’s game has 8 triangles (3 blue, 5 red) and 10 squares (6 blue, 4 red). One piece is lost at random. Find the probability it is (i) a triangle (ii) a square (iii) a blue square (iv) a red triangle.

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{4}{9}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{5}{9}\), (iii) \(\dfrac{1}{3}\), (iv) \(\dfrac{5}{18}\)

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Question. 38

A game: Toss a coin 3 times. If 1 or 2 heads appear, Sweta gets her entry fee back; if 3 heads appear, she gets double back; otherwise she loses. Find probabilities that she (i) loses (ii) gets double (iii) just gets entry fee back.

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{1}{8}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{1}{8}\), (iii) \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)

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Question. 39

A die has faces 0,1,1,1,6,6. Two such dice are thrown and total score recorded. (i) How many different totals possible? (ii) Probability of a total of 7?

Answer:

(i) 6 totals (0,1,2,6,7,12); (ii) \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)

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Question. 40

Lot of 48 mobiles: 42 good, 3 minor defects, 3 major defects. Varnika buys only good; trader sells only if no major defect. A phone is selected at random. Probability it is (i) acceptable to Varnika (ii) acceptable to trader?

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{7}{8}\) ; (ii) \(\dfrac{15}{16}\)

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Question. 41

A bag has 24 balls: \(x\) red, \(2x\) white, \(3x\) blue. One ball drawn. Find probability it is (i) not red (ii) white.

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{5}{6}\), (ii) \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)

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Question. 42

Cards 1–1000 placed in a box. A player wins a prize if the card has a perfect square > 500. Players draw one card each without replacement. What is the probability that (i) the first player wins? (ii) the second player wins, if the first has already won?

Answer:

(i) \(\dfrac{9}{1000}\) ; (ii) \(\dfrac{8}{999}\)

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NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 13: Statistics and Probability – Exercise 13.3 | Detailed Answers