NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 3: Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - Exercise 3.3
Question 3

Question. 3

For which values of \(a\) and \(b\) will the pair of equations \(x + 2y = 1\) and \((a-b)x + (a+b)y = a + b - 2\) have infinitely many solutions?

Answer:

\(a = 3\) and \(b = 1\).

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Write coefficients:

\(a_1 = 1,\ b_1 = 2,\ c_1 = -1\).

\(a_2 = a-b,\ b_2 = a+b,\ c_2 = -(a+b-2)\).

For infinitely many solutions,

\(\dfrac{a_1}{a_2} = \dfrac{b_1}{b_2} = \dfrac{c_1}{c_2}.\)

From the first two ratios:

\(\dfrac{1}{a-b} = \dfrac{2}{a+b}\Rightarrow a+b = 2(a-b)\).

So, \(-a + 3b = 0\Rightarrow a = 3b\).

Match with constants ratio:

\(\dfrac{1}{a-b} = \dfrac{-1}{-a-b+2} = \dfrac{1}{a+b-2}\).

Thus \(a-b = a+b-2\Rightarrow -b = b - 2\Rightarrow b = 1\).

Then \(a = 3b = 3\).

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 3: Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables – Exercise 3.3 | Detailed Answers