NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 4: Quadatric Equation - Exercise 4.1
Question 9

Question.  9

Which equation has two distinct real roots?

(A)

\(2x^2-3\sqrt{2}x+\dfrac{9}{4}=0\)

(B)

\(x^2+x-5=0\)

(C)

\(x^2+3x+2\sqrt{2}=0\)

(D)

\(5x^2-3x+1=0\)

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

To check if a quadratic equation has two distinct real roots, we use the discriminant.

The discriminant is given by: \(D = b^2 - 4ac\).

  • If \(D > 0\), the equation has two distinct real roots.
  • If \(D = 0\), the equation has two equal real roots.
  • If \(D < 0\), the equation has no real roots.

Now check each option:

(A) \(2x^2 - 3\sqrt{2}x + \tfrac{9}{4} = 0\)

Here, \(a = 2, b = -3\sqrt{2}, c = \tfrac{9}{4}\).

So, \(D = (-3\sqrt{2})^2 - 4(2)(\tfrac{9}{4}) = 18 - 18 = 0\).

Since \(D = 0\), this equation has equal roots, not distinct.


(B) \(x^2 + x - 5 = 0\)

Here, \(a = 1, b = 1, c = -5\).

So, \(D = (1)^2 - 4(1)(-5) = 1 + 20 = 21\).

Since \(D > 0\), this equation has two distinct real roots.


(C) \(x^2 + 3x + 2\sqrt{2} = 0\)

Here, \(a = 1, b = 3, c = 2\sqrt{2}\).

So, \(D = (3)^2 - 4(1)(2\sqrt{2}) = 9 - 8\sqrt{2}\).

Since \(8\sqrt{2} \approx 11.3\), we get \(D \approx -2.3 < 0\).

This means no real roots.


(D) \(5x^2 - 3x + 1 = 0\)

Here, \(a = 5, b = -3, c = 1\).

So, \(D = (-3)^2 - 4(5)(1) = 9 - 20 = -11\).

Since \(D < 0\), there are no real roots.


Conclusion: Only option (B) has \(D > 0\). So, the correct answer is Option B.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 4: Quadatric Equation – Exercise 4.1 | Detailed Answers