NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 5: Arithematic Progressions - Exercise 5.4
Question 4

Question. 4

An AP consists of 37 terms. The sum of the three middle-most terms is 225 and the sum of the last three is 429. Find the AP.

Answer:

First term \(a=3\), common difference \(d=4\) (AP: 3, 7, 11, …)

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Step 1: Identify the middle terms.

The total number of terms is 37. The middle term is the \(19^{\text{th}}\) term. So, the three middle-most terms are the \(18^{\text{th}}, 19^{\text{th}}, 20^{\text{th}}\).

Step 2: Use the given sum of middle terms.

Sum of these three terms = 225.

Notice that the middle three terms are consecutive. Their sum is the same as \(3 \times a_{19}\) (because in an AP, the middle term is the average of three consecutive terms).

So, \(3a_{19} = 225 \Rightarrow a_{19} = 75\).

Step 3: Identify the last three terms.

The last three terms are the \(35^{\text{th}}, 36^{\text{th}}, 37^{\text{th}}\).

Their sum is given as 429.

Similarly, this sum is equal to \(3a_{36}\) (since \(a_{36}\) is the middle term of these three).

So, \(3a_{36} = 429 \Rightarrow a_{36} = 143\).

Step 4: Relating two terms of the AP.

We know:

  • \(a_{19} = a + 18d = 75\)
  • \(a_{36} = a + 35d = 143\)

Step 5: Eliminate \(a\) to find \(d\).

Subtract the two equations:

\((a + 35d) - (a + 18d) = 143 - 75\)

\(17d = 68 \Rightarrow d = 4\).

Step 6: Find the first term \(a\).

Substitute \(d = 4\) in \(a + 18d = 75\):

\(a + 18(4) = 75\)

\(a + 72 = 75 \Rightarrow a = 3\).

Final Answer:

First term \(a = 3\), common difference \(d = 4\). So the AP is: 3, 7, 11, 15, …

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 5: Arithematic Progressions – Exercise 5.4 | Detailed Answers