NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 13: Statistics and Probability - Exercise 13.3
Question 15

Question. 15

15. Weekly income of 600 families:

Income (Rs)0–10001000–20002000–30003000–40004000–50005000–6000
No. of families25019010040155

Compute the median income.

Answer:

≈ Rs 1263.16

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Step 1: First find the total number of families.

Total families = 250 + 190 + 100 + 40 + 15 + 5 = 600.

Step 2: To find the median, we need \(N/2\).

Here, \(N = 600\). So, \(N/2 = 600/2 = 300\).

Step 3: Now prepare the cumulative frequency (CF):

Income (Rs)No. of families (f)Cumulative frequency (CF)
0–1000250250
1000–2000190250 + 190 = 440
2000–3000100540
3000–400040580
4000–500015595
5000–60005600

Step 4: Look for the median class.

We need the class where the 300th value lies. CF just before 300 is 250 (from 0–1000). The next CF is 440 (for 1000–2000), which covers the 300th value.

So, the median class = 1000–2000.

Step 5: Write the formula for median:

\[ \text{Median} = l + \left(\dfrac{\dfrac{N}{2} - cf}{f}\right) \times h \]

Where:

  • \(l = \) lower boundary of median class = 1000
  • \(h = \) class size = 1000
  • \(cf = \) cumulative frequency before median class = 250
  • \(f = \) frequency of median class = 190
  • \(N = 600\)

Step 6: Substitute the values:

\( \text{Median} = 1000 + \left(\dfrac{300 - 250}{190}\right) \times 1000 \)

Step 7: Simplify step by step:

\( = 1000 + \left(\dfrac{50}{190}\right) \times 1000 \)

\( = 1000 + 0.26316 \times 1000 \)

\( = 1000 + 263.16 \)

\( = 1263.16\)

Final Answer: The median income ≈ Rs 1263.16.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 13: Statistics and Probability – Exercise 13.3 | Detailed Answers