NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 3: Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - Exercise 3.3
Question 14

Question. 14

If \(x + 1\) is a factor of \(2x^3 + ax^2 + 2bx + 1\) and \(2a - 3b = 4\), find \(a\) and \(b\).

Answer:

\(a = 5\), \(b = 2\).

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Step 1: Apply the Factor Theorem

If \(x + 1\) is a factor, then putting \(x = -1\) in the polynomial should give 0.

Step 2: Substitute \(x = -1\)

Polynomial: \(2x^3 + ax^2 + 2bx + 1\)

\(= 2(-1)^3 + a(-1)^2 + 2b(-1) + 1\)

Step 3: Simplify each term

\((-1)^3 = -1\), so \(2(-1)^3 = -2\).

\((-1)^2 = 1\), so \(a(-1)^2 = a\).

\(2b(-1) = -2b\).

And \(+1\) stays the same.

Step 4: Combine all terms

\(-2 + a - 2b + 1 = 0\)

\(a - 2b - 1 = 0\)

So, \(a = 2b + 1\). (Equation 1)

Step 5: Use the second condition

We are also given: \(2a - 3b = 4\).

Step 6: Substitute \(a = 2b + 1\)

\(2(2b + 1) - 3b = 4\)

\(4b + 2 - 3b = 4\)

\(b + 2 = 4\)

\(b = 2\)

Step 7: Find \(a\)

From Equation (1): \(a = 2b + 1\).

\(a = 2(2) + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5\).

Final Answer: \(a = 5, b = 2\).

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 3: Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables – Exercise 3.3 | Detailed Answers