NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 3: Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - Exercise 3.4
Question 3

Question. 3

Draw the graphs of \(x = 3\), \(x = 5\), and \(2x - y - 4 = 0\). Find the area of the quadrilateral formed by these lines and the x–axis.

Answer:

Area \(= 8\) square units.

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Step 1: Rewrite the slant line equation.

The line is given as \(2x - y - 4 = 0\).

Move terms around: \(y = 2x - 4\).

So, this is a straight line which goes upward (slope = 2) and cuts the y-axis at \(-4\).

Step 2: Understand the other two lines.

The equations \(x = 3\) and \(x = 5\) are vertical lines. They are parallel to the y-axis.

Step 3: Think about the region we want.

The x-axis is \(y = 0\).

So, the closed shape is formed between:

  • The vertical line at \(x=3\),
  • The vertical line at \(x=5\),
  • The slant line \(y=2x-4\),
  • And the x-axis \(y=0\).

This shape is a trapezium (a quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides).

Step 4: Find the heights of the trapezium.

We plug in x-values into the slant line \(y=2x-4\):

At \(x=3\): \(y = 2(3) - 4 = 6 - 4 = 2\).

At \(x=5\): \(y = 2(5) - 4 = 10 - 4 = 6\).

So the slant line is at height 2 above the x-axis at \(x=3\), and at height 6 above the x-axis at \(x=5\).

Step 5: Work out the distance between the vertical lines.

The vertical distance along the x-axis is \(5 - 3 = 2\) units.

Step 6: Apply the trapezium area formula.

Area of trapezium = \(\tfrac{1}{2} \times (\text{sum of parallel sides}) \times \text{distance}\).

Here, the two parallel sides are the heights: 2 units and 6 units.

So, area = \(\tfrac{1}{2} \times (2 + 6) \times 2 = \tfrac{1}{2} \times 8 \times 2 = 8\).

Final Answer: The area of the quadrilateral is \(8\) square units.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 3: Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables – Exercise 3.4 | Detailed Answers