NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 3: Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - Exercise 3.4
Question 4

Question. 4

The cost of 4 pens and 4 pencil boxes is Rs 100. Also, three times the cost of a pen is Rs 15 more than the cost of a pencil box. Form the pair of linear equations and find both costs.

Answer:

Pen = Rs 10 each; Pencil box = Rs 15 each.

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Step 1: Assume variables.

Let the cost of one pen be \(p\) (in rupees).

Let the cost of one pencil box be \(b\) (in rupees).

Step 2: Form the first equation.

We are told that 4 pens and 4 pencil boxes cost Rs 100.

This means: \(4p + 4b = 100\).

Divide everything by 4 to make it simpler: \(p + b = 25\).

Step 3: Form the second equation.

We are told that three times the cost of a pen is Rs 15 more than the cost of a pencil box.

So: \(3p = b + 15\).

Or we can write it as: \(b = 3p - 15\).

Step 4: Solve the equations.

From the first equation: \(p + b = 25\).

Now replace \(b\) with \(3p - 15\) (from the second equation):

\(p + (3p - 15) = 25\).

That gives: \(4p - 15 = 25\).

Add 15 on both sides: \(4p = 40\).

Divide by 4: \(p = 10\).

Step 5: Find the cost of the pencil box.

Use \(b = 3p - 15\).

Put \(p = 10\): \(b = 3(10) - 15 = 30 - 15 = 15\).

Final Answer: Pen costs Rs 10 each, and Pencil box costs Rs 15 each.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 3: Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables – Exercise 3.4 | Detailed Answers