NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 5: Arithematic Progressions - Exercise 5.3
Question 15

Question. 15

If \(a_3+a_8=7\) and \(a_7+a_{14}=-3\), find \(a_{10}\).

Answer:

\(a_{10}=-1\)

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Step 1: Recall the formula for the \(n^{th}\) term of an arithmetic progression (AP):

\(a_n = a + (n-1)d\), where:

  • \(a\) = first term
  • \(d\) = common difference

Step 2: Write expressions for \(a_3\) and \(a_8\):

\(a_3 = a + (3-1)d = a + 2d\)

\(a_8 = a + (8-1)d = a + 7d\)

Step 3: Add them because the question says \(a_3 + a_8 = 7\):

\((a + 2d) + (a + 7d) = 7\)

\(2a + 9d = 7\)   …(Equation 1)

Step 4: Write expressions for \(a_7\) and \(a_{14}\):

\(a_7 = a + (7-1)d = a + 6d\)

\(a_{14} = a + (14-1)d = a + 13d\)

Step 5: Add them because the question says \(a_7 + a_{14} = -3\):

\((a + 6d) + (a + 13d) = -3\)

\(2a + 19d = -3\)   …(Equation 2)

Step 6: Solve the two equations:

Equation (1): \(2a + 9d = 7\)

Equation (2): \(2a + 19d = -3\)

Subtract Equation (1) from Equation (2):

\((2a + 19d) - (2a + 9d) = -3 - 7\)

\(10d = -10\)

\(d = -1\)

Step 7: Put \(d = -1\) into Equation (1):

\(2a + 9(-1) = 7\)

\(2a - 9 = 7\)

\(2a = 16\)

\(a = 8\)

Step 8: Find \(a_{10}\):

\(a_{10} = a + (10-1)d = a + 9d\)

\(a_{10} = 8 + 9(-1) = 8 - 9 = -1\)

Final Answer: \(a_{10} = -1\)

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 5: Arithematic Progressions – Exercise 5.3 | Detailed Answers