NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 5: Arithematic Progressions - Exercise 5.3
Question 19

Question. 19

Find the sum of the two middle-most terms of the AP: \(-\dfrac{4}{3}, -1, -\dfrac{2}{3},\ldots, 4\dfrac{1}{3}\).

Answer:

3

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Step 1: Identify first term, common difference and last term

The first term \(a = -\dfrac{4}{3}\).

The common difference is \(d = -1 - \left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right) = -1 + \dfrac{4}{3} = \dfrac{1}{3}\).

The last term is given as \(l = 4\dfrac{1}{3} = \dfrac{13}{3}\).

Step 2: Find the number of terms in the AP

We use the formula for the \(n\)-th term of an AP: \(a_n = a + (n-1) d\).

Here \(a_n = l = \dfrac{13}{3}\).

So, \(\dfrac{13}{3} = -\dfrac{4}{3} + (n-1) \cdot \dfrac{1}{3}\).

Multiply through by 3 to remove denominators: \(13 = -4 + (n-1)\).

So, \(13 + 4 = n - 1 \Rightarrow 17 = n - 1 \Rightarrow n = 18\).

Therefore, there are 18 terms in this AP.

Step 3: Find the middle terms

If \(n\) is even, then there are two middle terms. They are the \(\tfrac{n}{2}\)-th term and the \(\left(\tfrac{n}{2} + 1\right)\)-th term.

Here, \(n = 18\), so the middle terms are the 9th term and the 10th term.

Step 4: Calculate the 9th term

Formula: \(a_n = a + (n-1)d\).

So, \(a_9 = -\dfrac{4}{3} + (9-1) \cdot \dfrac{1}{3}\).

= \(-\dfrac{4}{3} + 8 \cdot \dfrac{1}{3}\).

= \(-\dfrac{4}{3} + \dfrac{8}{3}\).

= \(\dfrac{4}{3}\).

Step 5: Calculate the 10th term

\(a_{10} = -\dfrac{4}{3} + (10-1) \cdot \dfrac{1}{3}\).

= \(-\dfrac{4}{3} + 9 \cdot \dfrac{1}{3}\).

= \(-\dfrac{4}{3} + \dfrac{9}{3}\).

= \(\dfrac{5}{3}\).

Step 6: Add the two middle terms

\(a_9 + a_{10} = \dfrac{4}{3} + \dfrac{5}{3} = \dfrac{9}{3} = 3\).

Final Answer: The sum of the two middle-most terms is 3.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 5: Arithematic Progressions – Exercise 5.3 | Detailed Answers