NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 5: Arithematic Progressions - Exercise 5.3
Question 20

Question. 20

First term is \(-5\), last term is \(45\), and sum of the AP is \(120\). Find the number of terms and the common difference.

Answer:

\(n=6,\; d=10\)

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Step 1: Write down the given values.

  • First term, \(a = -5\)
  • Last term, \(l = 45\)
  • Sum of all terms, \(S = 120\)

Step 2: Use the formula for the sum of an AP.

The sum of \(n\) terms of an AP is:

\(S = \dfrac{n}{2}(a + l)\)

Step 3: Substitute the known values.

\(120 = \dfrac{n}{2}(-5 + 45)\)

\(120 = \dfrac{n}{2} \times 40\)

\(120 = 20n\)

Step 4: Solve for \(n\).

\(20n = 120\)

\(n = \dfrac{120}{20} = 6\)

So, the number of terms is \(n = 6\).


Step 5: Use the formula for common difference.

The formula connecting the last term is:

\(l = a + (n - 1)d\)

Step 6: Substitute values.

\(45 = -5 + (6 - 1)d\)

\(45 = -5 + 5d\)

Step 7: Solve for \(d\).

\(45 + 5 = 5d\)

\(50 = 5d\)

\(d = \dfrac{50}{5} = 10\)

Final Answer: Number of terms \(n = 6\), Common difference \(d = 10\).

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 5: Arithematic Progressions – Exercise 5.3 | Detailed Answers