NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 13: Statistics and Probability - Exercise 13.3
Question 8

Question. 8

8. Mileage (km/l) of 50 cars:

Mileage10–1212–1414–1616–18
No. of cars7121813

Find the mean mileage. The manufacturer claimed the model gave 16 km/litre. Do you agree?

Answer:

14.48 km/l (Claim of 16 km/l is not supported.)

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Step 1: Identify the data.

  • The table shows classes of mileage (in km per litre) and the number of cars in each class.
  • Total number of cars = 50.

Step 2: Find the class marks (mid-points).

For each class interval, the class mark = (lower limit + upper limit) ÷ 2.

  • For 10–12: (10 + 12) ÷ 2 = 11
  • For 12–14: (12 + 14) ÷ 2 = 13
  • For 14–16: (14 + 16) ÷ 2 = 15
  • For 16–18: (16 + 18) ÷ 2 = 17

Step 3: Multiply class mark with frequency (number of cars).

Mileage (km/l)No. of cars (f)Class mark (x)f × x
10–1271177
12–141213156
14–161815270
16–181317221
Total50724

Step 4: Apply the formula for Mean.

Mean mileage (\( \bar{x} \)) = (Σ f × x) ÷ (Σ f)

= 724 ÷ 50

= 14.48 km/l

Step 5: Compare with manufacturer’s claim.

The manufacturer claimed the mileage = 16 km/l.

But the actual mean mileage = 14.48 km/l.

Conclusion: The claim of 16 km/l is not supported by the data.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 13: Statistics and Probability – Exercise 13.3 | Detailed Answers