NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Class 10 - Mathematics - CHAPTER 6: Triangles - Exercise 6.4
Question 3

Question. 3

Prove: If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to meet the other two sides, then it divides those sides in the same ratio.

Answer:

Proved.

Detailed Answer with Explanation:

Step 1: Draw a triangle \(\triangle ABC\).

Mark a point \(D\) on side \(AB\) and a point \(E\) on side \(AC\). Draw line \(DE\) such that \(DE \parallel BC\).

Step 2: Because \(DE \parallel BC\), angle \(ADE\) is equal to angle \(ABC\) (corresponding angles), and angle \(AED\) is equal to angle \(ACB\) (corresponding angles).

Step 3: So, by the AA (Angle–Angle) similarity criterion, we can say:

\(\triangle ADE \sim \triangle ABC\).

Step 4: If two triangles are similar, then their sides are in proportion. Therefore,

\[ \dfrac{AD}{AB} = \dfrac{AE}{AC} = \dfrac{DE}{BC}. \]

Step 5: From the first two parts of this equality, we get:

\[ \dfrac{AD}{AB} = \dfrac{AE}{AC}. \]

Step 6: Write \(AB = AD + DB\) and \(AC = AE + EC\). Substitute these values:

\[ \dfrac{AD}{AD + DB} = \dfrac{AE}{AE + EC}. \]

Step 7: Cross multiply:

\[ AD \times (AE + EC) = AE \times (AD + DB). \]

Step 8: Expand both sides:

\[ AD \times AE + AD \times EC = AE \times AD + AE \times DB. \]

Step 9: Cancel the common term \(AD \times AE\) from both sides:

\[ AD \times EC = AE \times DB. \]

Step 10: Divide both sides by \(DB \times EC\):

\[ \dfrac{AD}{DB} = \dfrac{AE}{EC}. \]

Final Result: The line \(DE\) divides the two sides \(AB\) and \(AC\) in the same ratio.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 – Mathematics – CHAPTER 6: Triangles – Exercise 6.4 | Detailed Answers